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Main Products » GRP pipes
Company Profile »
Components & Standards  »
Characteristics »
SPS Pipes Manufacture »
Diameters& Classes »
Technical Information »
Field of Application »
Zero Leak »
Installation »
Transporting »
Quality Assurance& Testing »
Specific gravity& strength of materials »
Useful Application »
Mechanical Properties »
Other Properties »
Quality Assurance Advantages »
Product Dimension »
Chemical Resistance of resin »
 
 
 
Company Profile »
 

In our pursue to post the main infrastructure industries in the kingdom with top of the line water system production lines and technology, The Saudi Pipe System company was established according to a pre calculated plans and a set of goals.   Acting on our believes, and with the support of our great government Saudi Pipe System company has successfully established its manufacturing plants in Jeddah industrial city.

The first factory:

The valves factory is located on 11250 square meters lot at Jeddah industrial city phase five.  The Saudi pipe system co "valve factory" specializes in the processing and production of all types of valves, pipe fitting, pipe clamps, and flanges. All which is essential for water, sewer, fire fighting systems, and central air condition systems.

The second factory:

Saudi pipe system co "casting factory" is located on 13500 square meters lot at Jeddah industrial city phase four. This factory is a major producer of engineered casting of variety of metals (ferrous& non ferrous. E.g. cast iron, aluminum, and copper).

 

 Production line for SPS-CASTING FACTORY-consist of:

- Fully automatic casting production line.

- Three induction furnaces with melting capacity of 2 tons/hour each.

- Complete pattern making shop (equipments and expert engineers).

- Complete core making shop (equipments and expert).

- Complete finishing shop (equipments and experts).

- Complete testing and quality control laboratory.

 The third factory:

 Cost of steel pipes have steadily increased over the past few years. Likewise, handling installation, unreliable joints, lining failure, and corrosion have led to increased difficulty in pipe applications. In this light, SPS took the initiative of establishing the highest quality FIBERGLASS REINFORCED POLYESTER (FRP) PIPES .Its design philosophy is to provide products with suitable properties with the required margin of safety. These will enable the pipe to perform satisfactorily after an extended period of operation (more than 50 years) under typical service conditions.

 SPS IS COMMITTED TO SUPPLYING PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF THE HIGHEST QUALITY WITH MAXIMUM RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT.

 

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Components & Standards  »

 

Components:

Three base materials are used for the pipes having distinct characteristics:

  • Polyester thermosetting resin being of three types: isophthalic, bisphenolic, and vinyl ester.

  • Continuous fiberglass roving

  • Silica sand ( OPTIONAL )

  Standards  

The SPS pipes produced in our plant are manufactured in glass reinforced thermosetting resin (GRP) by the '' Filament Winding '' system. Reference is made to the following international standards.

UN19032

UN19033

Pipes in glass-reinforced thermosetting resin (GRP) And/or mortar pipes used in any application  

ASTM D 2996-88

Filament-Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe  

ASTM D 3262-88

Reinforced Plastic Mortar Sewer Pipe  

ASTM 3754-88

''Fiberglass'' (Class-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe

ASTM D 3517-88

''Fiberglass'' (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin Pressure pipe)  

 

AWWA C950-95

''Standard for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin Pressure pipe''  

 

BS 5480-90

 Specification for Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) pipes and fitting for use for water supply or sewerage  

  ASTM D 3839 and Appendix AWWA C 950-95 in relation to the inspection standards buried pipes.  

 

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Characteristics »

 

 

UNIT OF MEASUREMENT

FILAMENT WINDING

Traction Resistance

Circumf.direct Axial direct

Kg/cm2

2500-3000 800-1300

Elastic Young Modulus

Circumf.direct Axial direct

Kg/cm2

240.000-3000.000 105.000-1 25000

Density

 

Kg/cm2

1.90

Barcol hardness

 

 

35-45

Thermal Conductivity

 

Kcal/mhoC

0.22

Coefficient of Linear thermal expansion

 

cm/ cmoC

1.6*10-5

Electric Resistively

 

Ohm/cm

1014

   
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SPS Pipes Manufacture »

Our SPS Pipes are manufactured through the Filament Winding process. This is when the fiberglass roving impregnated with resin drives back and forth past a rotating mandrel axis and is controlled by the relative translations speed of the bath and rotational speed of the mandrel. The 80th operations are controlled by a computerized electromechanical system. Quality control is guaranteed by controls and tests carried out automatically and continuously during production. Any deviation, anomaly, or malfunction causes an immediate stop in production.  

*Pipe Wall Thickness and Unit of GRP Pipe with Pressure and stiffness      Capacity

Pressure clash 10 bars

Stiffness class 5000 Pa

 

* Pipe Wall Thickness and Unit Weight of GRP Pipe With Pressure and Stiffness Capacity

Pressure class 16 bars

Stiffness class 10000 Pa  

ND

Thickness

WT/METER

mm

Mm

Kg/m

100

2.18

1.30

150

2.84

2.56

200

3.27

3.72

250

4.23

6.52

300

4.75

8.93

350

5.41

11.80

400

6.30

15.65

500

7.48

23.44

600

9.02

33.77

700

10.58

45.97

800

11.49

56.96

900

13.05

73.70

1000

14.61

91.41

1200

16.46

123.12

1400

19.57

172.82

1500

21.13

199.48

 

ND

Thickness

WT/METER

mm

mm

Kg/m

100

2.38

1.43

150

3.27

2.96

200

4.23

4.91

250

5.19

7.99

300

5.70

10.69

350

6.42

13.98

400

7.87

19.54

500

8.85

28.00

600

10.52

39.29

700

12.93

56.20

800

14.51

71.88

900

16.08

90.61

1000

17.65

110.27

1200

20.93

156.33

1400

24.07

212.06

1500

26.50

244.72

 

 * for diameters and capacities higher than above contact our technical department  

 
 

 

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Diameters& Classes »

 

NOMINAL DIAMETER

SPS pipes are manufactured in diameters ranging from 25 mm to 3000 mm.

Nominal diameter coincides with the internal diameter.

Any nominal diameter can be manufactured.

Larger diameters can be manufactured at site by means of special equipments.

 NOMINAL PRESSURE CLASSES

Pressure pipes are classified according to nominal pressure.

Nominal pressure classes are 4, 6, 10, 16, 20, 25  (bars).

Intermediate or higher pressure classes are considered on request or depending on the design conditions.

SPECIFIC PIPE STIFFNESS CLASSES

Pipes are also classified according to specific pipe stiffness.

Specific pipe stiffness classes are 1250, 2500, 5000 and 10000 Pa.

Intermediate or higher specific pipe stiffness classes are available on request or depending on the design conditions.

   

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Technical Information »

 

Services

The engineering department of SPS can assist the customers in all stages of their projects and is able to issue (but not limited to) the following documentation :

 

- Stress analysis on aerial / buried GRP piping system by means of Caesar 11 program

- Calculation of buried pipes according to AWWA (2950/95

- Calculation of aerial pipes, installed on supports

- Hydraulic calculations according to usual formulae

- (Hazen- Williams Colebrook , Manning Kutter, etc.)

- Standards and specifications

- Drawings in AutoCAD format

Field Assistance

SPS experts are able to provide assistance during the following field activities:

- Installation

-  Lamination

- Site hydro-test 

   

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Field of Application »

* Water Distribution both Civil and Industrial

* Sewer System both Urban and Industrial

* Irrigation Networks

* Water Intakes for Cooling Water System

* Waste Water Out-falls to Sea

* Sea lines and River Crossing

* Process Lines for Industrial Plants

* Corrosive Fluids and Vent Gas Stacks

* Wells Casing and Wells Pump Riser

* Penstocks

* FGD (FIue Desulphurization)

* Gasoline Handing and Distribution Networks

* Flue Gas Stack

   

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Zero Leak »

Only SPS pipes are fitted with pressure-test nipple. Upon installation of the pipe joints, it is possible to pressurize the cavity between "O" rings. This seal check gives great installation reliability and eliminates leakages that might occur during the final hydrotest. This unique system thus allows the contractor to backfill the trench as soon as the joint integrity is assured.

Hydraulic sealing is performed by means of two elastomeric "O" Rings, installed in the circumferential parallel grooves. The locking device which is made of nylon is inserted through a bell opening into the hoop groove. This joint is designed to be resistant to axial forces.

The walls of SPS pipes are made of a monolithic layer produced with three structures:

* LINER - internal layer in contact with the fluid

* MECHANICAL RESISTANT LAYER

- determines the mechanical

characteristics of the pipe

* GEL COAT - external protective layer, containing U.V. inhibitors

Glass materials do not require particular storage conditions and do not present particular stability problems. Nevertheless it is advisable a storage room having a temperature not higher than 40 Degree C and a humidity not higher than 75%.

Resins are to be stored in their original drums, which guarantees the absolute dark. Glass materials are to be stored in their original packages. Both drums and packages must be opened provided the product is going to be used within a short time.

Welding materials are highly flammable. They must be protected from exposure to conditions, which might produce combustion, such as open flames and heat sources.

Promoter material shall not be stored in the same area as other weld materials, particularly the organic peroxides.

 

 
   
Handling

Pipe lifting is done with slings of adequate strength and of such construction as not to damage pipe.

Straight continuous lengths of pipe are capable of being lifted at one point. However, due to the very smooth surface, it is safer to lift pipes at two points symmetrical with respect to pipe center.

Running of lifting rope inside the pipe shall never occur.

Pipe assemblies fabricated of multiple sections may require two points lifting.

While handling the pipes, impacts must be avoided, particularly of pipe ends.

     

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Installation »

 

The use of bell and spigot joints with double O-Ring seal allows an easy and quick installation, which can be performed by any pipes fitter even without any specific experience with GRP pipes.

Thanks to the '' built-in  testing device, the hydraulic test of each joint can be carried out immediately after the insertion of one pipe into the other, allowing the 100% check of the joints, without the need to fill up the line

Backfilling requires the same care and the same materials used for ductile or steel pipes.

In any case skilled experts are clients disposal to supervise and assist during all the operation.

For the installation and adjusting of pipe system in the field the following joint methods are available:

* Double O-ring Bell and Spigot Joint

* Double O-ring Bell and Spigot with locking key joint

* Mechanical coupling

* Butt and strap joint

* Flanged Joint

 The procedures to assemble the various type of joint are described in Saudi pipe system technical Specifications.

 

   

 

When applying unrestrained joints or mechanical couplers, pipe lines must be anchored at each change of direction.  

Anyway the correct location of anchor points shall be settled after a detailed stress analysis.

For securing clamp it is suggested to apply a GRP lamination on each side of the clamp. If the movement of the pipe shall be restrained only in one direction, it is sufficient to apply just one overlay in the opposite position.

Sideways movement is to be prevented by clamping.

When installing Double O-Ring Lock Joint, these must be fully stretched in order to prevent movement of pipe sections and overloading at points of changes in direction such as bends and tees. It is preferable to apply mechanical stretch but stretching can also be done by pressurizing the main line (0.8 x Working Pressure).

The results can be observed by inspection of the position of the locking strip through the insert hole. Stretching should be applied before installing branch connections.

Should connections be necessary with machinery or bodies subject to vibrations, such as pumps or other equipment, it is a good engineering practice to avoid a direct link with such systems, because vibrations induce stresses on GRP pipe, which may prevail over the allowable value. A severe condition of vibration occurs when the generating frequency is equal or near the natural frequency of the pipeline. An usual method to avoid vibrations is to install a flexible joint between the source of vibration and the pipe.

SPS GRP pipe exposed to sunlight is not subject to resin degradation, due to ultraviolet radiation, because pipe contains, through the whole wall thickness, inhibitors, which prevent said degradation.

     

 

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 UNDERGROUND INSTALLATION

* SOIL - PIPE SYSTEM

The external loads (soil and traffic) above a GRP buried pipe cause a decrease in the vertical diameter and an increase in the horizontal diameter (deflection), that is indicative of strain (stress) levels in the pipe wall.

The horizontal movement develops a passive soil resistance that enhances pipe support. The amount of deflection depends on soil load, live load, native soil characteristics, pipe backfill material, trench width, launching and pipe stiffness.

Buried fiberglass pipes generally accommodate 4-5% long-term deformation without structural damage. Proper selection of pipe stiffness class and corresponding installation type helps to maintain pipe deflection within acceptable levels.

* CLASSIFICATION OF NATIVE SOILS 

The external loads (soil and traffic) above a GRP buried pipe cause a decrease in the vertical diameter and an increase in the horizontal diameter (deflection), that is indicative of strain (stress) levels in the pipe wall.

Native soils according to AWWA 950/95 are classified in 4 soil stiffness category. The soil groups depend both on soil types (classification) and soil density, which  

 

together determine 'the soil modulus. The symbols GW, GP, SW, SP, GM, GC, SM, SC, ML, CL etc.. are in accordance to ASTM - D2488.

Soil stiffness category 1 (SC1)

Crushed rock and gravel with <15% sand and 5% fines.

SCI materials provide maximum pipe support for a given density due to low contents of sand and fines. With minimum effort these material can be installed at relatively high soil stiffness over a wide range of moisture contents. In addition, the high permeability of SCI materials may aid in the control of water and are often desirable for embedment in rock cuts where water is frequently encountered. However, when groundwater flow is anticipated, consideration should be given to the potential for migration of fines from adjacent materials into open-graded SCI materials.

Soil stiffness category 2 (SC2)

Coarse grained soils with little or no fines (GW, GP, SW, SP) or any dual symbol soils or borderline soils beginning with one of these designations such as GW-GC ' containing 12% of fines or less.

SC2 materials, when compacted, provide a relatively high level of pipe support; however, open-graded groups may allow migration and the sizes should be checked for compatibility with adjacent material.

Soil stiffness category 3 (SC3)

Coarse grained soils with fines (GM, GC, SM, SC) or any dual symbol soils or borderline soils beginning with one of these designations with more than 12% finds; and ML, CL, or borderline soils beginning with one of these designations, such as ML/CL, with 30% or more coarse grained particles.

SC3 materials provide less support for a given density than SCI and SC2 materials. Higher levels of combative effort are required and moisture content must be controlled. These materials provide reasonable levels of pipe support once proper density is achieved.

   

 

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Soil stiffness category 4 (SC4)

Fine grained soils with medium to no plasticity (ML, CL) or borderline soil beginning with one of these designations, such as ML/MH with less than 30% coarse grained particles.

SC4 materials require a geotechnical evaluation prior to use. The moisture content must be near optimum to minimize comparative effort and achieve the required density. When properly placed and compacted, SC4 materials can provide reasonable levels of pipe support; however, high energy level vibratory compactors and tampers. do not use where water conditions in the trench prevent proper placement and compaction

* PIPE BURIAL

Excavating the trench

On most construction sites it will be desirable to keep excavation, pipe installation and backfilling close together to minimize logistics problems and to reduce supervision costs.

Trench construction will vary according to the types of soil encountered (stable or unstable). In any case the trench bottom shall be flat and continuous.

Stable trench walls or rock trench

Trench wall usually can be made vertical from the bed to the top of the pipe without the use of shoring or sheet piling.

 

Unstable trench walls and bottom

The trench will be excavated with vertical wall providing sheet shoring installation method 1 or with the natural slope of the soil, installation method 2. The foundation shown is required when the trench bottom is unstable, i.e. made up of soils whose displacement, due to variation in stress or moisture content, is very high.

 Installation method 2

Suggested value for the trench width are

as follows:

L= DN + 400 mm 

L= DN + 600 mm 

L= DN + 800 mm

 

The depth of the trench must be such as to have the bedding of the dimensions foreseen in the next paragraphs. If the soil is not able to give the vertical support requested by the project, the trench will be deepened of zoom or more, according to the prescriptions given by the designer, in order to obtain a more stabilized soil.

Moreover, should butt and strap joints be executed within the trench, it must be widened by 2 meters for a length of two meters in the joining area, in order to allow proper operations.

At the above locations the trench bottom shall be adequately lowered. These joint housings will be filled during backfilling.

Trench excavation below water table

Where an unstable soil condition is encountered which is caused by water table, the bottom of the trench must be stabilized before laying the pipes.

This can usually be accomplished by lowering the water table about 30 cm below grade pipe by means of pumps and stabilizing the bottom as already described.

To minimize the dewatering only enough trench should be opened to place one or two lengths of pipe and then backfill.

Bedding

The bedding shall be minimum 150 mm thick and shall provide the pipe with an uniform and continuous support over its entire length. 

The bedding surface shall be even and recesses shall be left corresponding to pipe joints. These receptacles shall be backfilled after pipe installation and joining.

We recommend the use of pea gravel, or crushed stone or sand as bedding material, with a fine content not exceeding 12%. With fines we mean materials passing through the ASTM 200 sieve. The maximum dimensions of the bed materials diameter should not be greater than 20mm.

The bed must be compacted until reaching 70% of its maximum density, before the pipe installation (90% Proctor standard).

Depending on the conditions of the unstable trench bottom, the installation contractor may require different types of foundations such as:

- Stabilization of the bottom material, by removing it for a minimum depth of 200 mm and replacing it with stabilized gravel or sand, into which the unstable soil will not penetrate (ground capacity from 0.7 to 0.9 kg/cm2);

- Concrete material with a minimum depth of 150 mm (ground capacity from 0.5 to 0.7 kg/cm2);  

- Piles capped by a concrete material (ground capacity from 0.5 to 0.7 kg/cm2). The above instruction must be as strictly followed as larger is the pipe diameter.

Granular soil trench

The trench walls shall be at the natural slope of the native granular material. Pipe shall be installed as shown in the figure relative to unstable trench, installation method 2.

Soft soil trench .

When the native is composed by highly plastic substances, very compressible, with a water content percentage on the dry soil weight exceeding 50%, as soft clays, very melted mud, etc., the granular soil used for the laying bed and the backfilling can be absorbed by the native soil.

In this case, it is suitable to cover the bed and the walls with a fabric non- fabric (geotextile), which has the function of separating the layers to prevent that the materials composing the bed and the backfilling from being mixed or buried.

Trench width

The trench width shall be such as to guarantee the minimum distance pipe/trench wall allowing backfilling compaction, according to the type of material used and the compacting method. Furthermore, in case of installation of soils not able to grant the side support requested by the project the trench will be widened, according to the designer's prescriptions, in order to stabilize the soil.

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backfill

Backfilling material will be the same as used for bedding (maximum lime content 10% and maximum particle size 18 mm).  

Backfilling is ideally divided in two areas : primary backfilling which vertically extends from the lower generatrix of the pipe as far as 70% of the diameter and secondary backfilling extending as far as 15 cm above the upper generatrix of the Pipe.

Backfilling shall be placed in singly compacted layers 200-250 mm high up to 70% of pipe diameter and 300 mm high up to the top.

Backfilling up to the ground level with native material has to be completed.

Compaction can be made by using an impulsive compactor or any other suitable equipment.

Please address the Technical Office for prescriptions relevant to the compaction ratio and the depth if the bed.

* PIPES INSTALLATION

To install the pipes, the following procedure can be used, in accordance with the type of joint and the pipe diameter:

a) For any type of joint and diameters: lay and align the pipe bars on the previously prepared bed, and perform junctions inside the trench.

b) For pipes which joints guarantee the axial continuity:

. Lay on the bed two or three bars, previously joined outside the trench, so as to reduce the number of junctions to be performed inside the trench.

. Align and join the pipe bars by the side of the trench or above it, using ties; let the already joined pipeline down the trench, using more hoisting equipment and taking care not to cause excessive deformations; this method can be used for small diameters only.

In case of bell/spigot or socket joints with O-ring, please verify that angles exceeding those allowed have not been given.

TYPICAL COMPACTION METHODS 

The following compacting suggestions will enable to achieve the maximum practical material density. Excessive compaction or compaction with inappropriate equipment can result in pipe deformation or pipe lifting off the bedding. Care must be used when compacting the pipe zone backfill with frequent checks of pipe shape.

Coarse grained soils (5% fines).

For coarse grained soils with less than 5% fines, the maximum density results from compacting saturation and vibration. Further to the use of internal vibrators, heights of successive Iifts of backfill must be limited to the penetrating depth of the vibrator. The backfill is placed in lifts of 0.15 to 0.3 m. Pipeline flotation has to be avoided when saturating the pipe zone backfill area. Water jetting will erode side support and few experts recommend it. Placing backfill over the pipe must be avoided, while the pipe zone material is saturated. That would load the pipe before the proper support can develop.

Coarse grained soils (5 = 12 % fines).

Compacting of coarse grained soils containing between 5 and 12% fines, is carried out such as by tamping or saturation and vibration. The method used should result in the maximum density of the backfill.

 

 

   

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Coarse grained soils ( > 12% fines). 

Coarse grained soils containing more than 12% fines, compact best by mechanical tamping in lifts of 0.1 to 0.15 m. In particular for fined grained soils, the soil modulus (passive soil resistance) is density sensitive and a greater compact effort will be required to obtain the necessary Proctor density dictated by design.

Compaction and installation. Quality Control

Deflection checks must be carried out when the first installed pipes are backfilled to grade. Further periodical checks must be done throughout the entire project Where practical, measurement has to be taken of the in- place density of the compacted primary pipe zone material to ensure compliance with the design assumptions.

Restrained joints, which withstand internal pressure and longitudinal forces

. Double O-Ring Bell and Spigot with locking key joint  

The joint is a double O-Ring Bell and Spigot type with a locking device that is inserted through a bell opening into a hoop groove. Both metallic and shear resistant plastic materials are used for this device.

This joint is a non-destructive, separable joining system, which accommodates longitudinal.

 

   

 

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The double O-ring bell and spigot joint allows for angular deflection. Table (1 .1) contains the maximum recommended values to be used for installation design according to BS 5480.

Application field

Diameters                                          Pressures

25 mm to 500 mm                            up to 30 bar

550 mm to 1200 mm                        up to 20 bar

1300 mm to 3000 mm                      up to 16 bar

* Higher pressure can be supplied on requests

Nominal size (ND)

mm

Angular Deflection

Degrees

< 500

3

>=500 to < 900

2

>=900 to <1800

1

> 1800

0.5

The axial forces have to be sustained by external devices.

   

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Flanged joint

GRP flange are available to meet drilling according to ANSI, DIN, BS, UNI, etc. Flanges are of two type: Fixed Flange (F/F) and Stub end with steel Loose Flange (F/L).

Each type of flange is available with plain end, spigot end and bell end.

Sealing between flanges is accomplished with an elastomeric gasket. Standard gasket is a flat gasket. For severe application that can be identified by Saudi Pipe Systems Technical Department, and in any case for diameter >1200 mm and NP > 10 bar, it is suggested to use O-ring gasket that are accommodate in a groove realized on the

Application field

Diameters                                 Pressures

25 mm to 500 mm                    up to 30 bar

550 mm to 1200 mm                up to 16 bar

1300 mm to 3000 mm              up to 10 bar

The torque values depend on the pipe size, the nominal pressure and on the application. Assemble the joint and finger tighten all nuts. Make sure bolt threads are new and oiled so that proper torque results are attained. Use washers under both nuts and heads to protect back facing of flanges.

   

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Butt and Strap joint

This permanent joint consists of a hardening of impregnated glass, mats and tissues laminated according to specified width and thickness. The laminated joint provides continuity in both hoop and axial directions.

The application field of Butt & Strap joint is related to diameter and pressure classes of pipes and fittings to be joined.

The dimensions of butt and strap joint are calculated according to the following formulae:

t = P(ID+2tp)/(2sall-P)    L = P (ID+2tp)/(2 tall) 

Where;

  t = thickness of lamination, mm

P = design pressure, Mpa

ID = pipe internal diameter, mm

L = length of lamination, mm

tp = pipe thickness, mm

sall = allowable hoop stress, Mpa

tall = allowable shear stress, Mpa

Liner has the internal surface, namely the one in contact with the conveyed fluid, particularly smooth. This characteristic of smoothness reduces to minimum the fluid head losses and pumping heads and opposes to the growth of mineral deposits and algae. Liner is made of two monolithic sub layers: the inner one, in direct contact with the fluid, is reinforced with glass veil ''C'' 33 g/m 2 , with ratio resin content in a range of 80% - 90% by weight, the outer one is reinforced with plies of glass mat ''E'' of 375 g/m2 , with a resin content in a range of 60% -70% by weight.

Mechanically resistant layer

Glass reinforced layers guarantee the mechanical resistance of the whole pipe against stresses due to internal and/or external pressure, external loads due to handling and installation, thermal loads. The layer is obtained by applying, on the previous partly cured liner, continuous rovings of glass wetted with resin, under controlled tensioning. This layer can contain aggregates (inert granular material such as silica sand) in order to increase the stiffness of the whole pipe. Thickness of mechanical resistant layer depends on the design conditions.

Top coat

Top coat or gel coat is the outer layer of the pipe which consists of pure resin added with UV protectors to protect the pipe from sun exposure.

In case of severe exposure conditions, i-e. aggressive soils or very corrosive environment, the gel-coat can be reinforced with a surfacing veil or added with fillers or pigments.

FITTINGS

Fabrication methods

Fittings are manufactured by the hand lay-up, contact molding and spray-up Process.

In hand lay-up and contact molding processes veil and alternate layers of mat and woven roving saturated with resin are applied on the mold. The operation is repeated until the required thickness is achieved.

In spray up process continuous strand roving is fed through a chopper gun, combined with catalyzed resin, and sprayed onto the mould surface. The operation is repeated to reach the required thickness.

Wall Structure

GRP fitting wall such as the pipe wall consists of three layers perfectly adherent one to the other in order to have a monolithic structure, each having different characteristics and properties in relation to their function. Liner and top coat are the same as the pipe. The difference consists in the mechanical resistant layer due to the type of reinforcement used.

 

 

   

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Transporting »

 

Be careful in handling pipe during transporting and storing do not damage it.

The ground surface for pipe storing should be level and even. The total height of the pipe packing unit should be less than 2m. The storing place should be located remote from the fire. The pipe should not be stored in an open air for long period of time.

The pipe and pipe fitting shall be packaged in accordance with the supplier's standard practice. The pipe package unit consists of several pipes laid out side with certain intervals, the height of the pipe package unit it less than 2m.

For transporting of pipes with different diameters, pipes may be packaged with an open ended tubular packing.

For further details on storing and transporting please consult our engineering department for technical manual and assistant.

* STORAGE, HANDLING 

Pipes and fittings should be kept on the cradles used for shipment. When this is not practical, pipes can be stored on sand ground and or on wood joists.

Pipes and fittings must be stored away from possible sources of flames, such as flammable liquids.

Glass materials do not require particular storage conditions and do not present particular stability problems. Nevertheless it is advisable a storage room having a temperature not higher than 40o C and a humidity not higher than 75%.

   

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Quality Assurance& Testing »

LABORATORY

SPS has made the effort to have state of the art laboratory and testing department this department supervise and issue certificate on all test perform or according to project consulting required.

TESTING

              SPS -GRP PIPES undergo a series of tests to assure quality standards, these tests are performed on each pipe / batch.

- Testing starts with raw materials. By making sure of choosing the highest quality raw material we can assure. Top quality final product.

- By inspecting dimensions and visual / weight through out production line

  .Step by step: follow-up and checking of material as they advance through out the production line. All the way to finished product.

   

All raw materials undergo extensive testing to assure and confirm that it meets technical specifications and standard of products.

a) RESINS

Density at 25 oC

ASTM D 792 / 66

Viscosity at 25 oC

By Ford Cup DIN 53211

and/or ASTM D 2392 /80

and ASTM D 445 / 19

Gel time at 25 oC

ASTM D 2471 / 71

Exothermic Peak

ASTM D 2471 / 69

Acid Number

ASTM D 1639 / 70

or UNICHIM 6 - 1969

H.D.T. (264 psi )

ASTM D 648 / 12

Color ( Gardener scale )

ASTM D 1544 / 80

Volumetric Shrinkage

UNICHM 11- 1969

b)GLASS

UNIT WEIGHT

Method O.C.F R .0 - 1

% HUMIDITY

Method O.C.F R .0 - 1

% SIZE Method

Method O.C.F R .0 - 1

TEST FOR THE APPROVAL OF RAW MATERIALS

Besides test based on workability and test based on verification of the chemicals inertness for resins, for the approval of new raw materials the tests listed in the former paragraph shall be completed with the following tests.

a) RESINS

TESTING STRENGTH

ASTM D 638 M 87 b

FLEXURAL STRENGTH

ASTM D 790 M 86

  b) GLASS

SPLIT DISK

ASTM 2290 76

QUALITY CONTROL ON PRODUCTS 

The test, which the products undergo during the manufacturing stages and before dispatching ensures that they fully comply with the international specifications and that they are suitable for the usage which they have been made for.  

 

INSPECTION AND/OR TEST

APPLICABLE PROCEDURES/ DOCUMENTS

Visual Inspection

ASTM D 2563

Dimension Control

Barcol Hardness

Hydrostatic Leak Test

ASTM 3567

ASTM 2583

ASTM D 1599

Glass Reinforcement Content

ASTM D 2584

Water Absorption

INTERNAL PROCEDURE

Pipe Stiffness

Packing and Ends Protection Control

ASTM D 2412

   

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Specific gravity& strength of materials »

 

 

Material

property

FW GRP

Steel

Cast iron

PVC

Specific Gravity ( 1 )

1 .8 - 2.1

7.84

7.34

1 .4

Tensile strength ( Mpa)

160 - 320

380

187

50 - 60

Specific Strength

100 - 168

48.5

25.5

36.8

 

specific gravity of GRP is related to thickness ratio between the liner and wall. The data herein are for pipes 700mm in diameter only.

 

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Useful Application »
 

Pipe

Size

Pressure ( Mpa )

Application

GRP pressure pipe

DN15-DN4000

0.6 - 2.5

Chemical, metallurgy, Pulp mill,  power

OiI field with sand filler

DN15-DN4000

2.5 - 7.5

 

For conveying oil, gas, and sewage water

 

GRP / PVC pipe

DN15-DN2500

 

0.6 - 1.5

 

Chemical, Pulp mill

 

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Mechanical Properties »
 

 

Pipe

Hoop tensile strength

300 Mpa

Longitudinal tensile strength

150 Mpa

Longitudinal flexural strength

140 Mpa

Interlaminar shear strength

50 Mpa

Crosslaminar shear

60 Mpa

Hoop modulus of elasticity

25 Gpa

Longitudinal modulus of elasticity

12.5 Gpa

Shear modulus of elasticity

7 Gpa

Flexural E-modulus

9.3 Gpa

 

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Other Properties »
 

Barcol hardness

40

Poisson's coefficient

0.3

Elongation at failure

0.8%

Oxygen Index

30%

Volume insulation resistance

5.5 x 1014 Ω cm

Surface insulation resistance

25 x 1011 Ω

Roughness coefficient of internal surface

0.0084

Residual monomer content for foodstuff

200 ppm

PVC/GRP interlaminar shear strength

7 Mpa

Note:

  1- Liner thickness for pipes shall be 1.5-6 mm. Liner strength will not be taken into consideration when calculating structure.

  2- The above data is measured value of certain specimen made of polyester resin, the test specimen conditioned at ambient temperature.

   

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Quality Assurance Advantages »

Corrosion Resistance

SPS pipes are resistant to corrosion both in and out, in a wide range of fluid handling applications. Other lining and exterior coating are therefore not required.

Strength to weight

SPS piping systems have excellent strength to weight properties. These pipes strength per unit of weight surpasses Iron, carbon, and stainless steels.

  Light weight

SPS composites are lightweight. Piping is only one-sixth the weight of other steel products with similar properties and 10% of the weight of similar concrete products.

  Electrical properties

SPS pipes are nonconductive. It is not necessary to dissipate static electricity build up when transporting certain fluids such as jet fuel.

  Dimensional Stability

SPS composites are of materials that meet the most stringent material stiffness, dimensional tolerance, weight, cost criteria.

  Low-Maintenance 

composites are resistant to rust so they are easily clean and require minimal protection from the environment.

   
 

Coupling and Expansion Joint Dimension

Coupling

Ex. Joint

ND

I

NL

BL

mm

mm

mm

mm

100

393

1172

672

125

467

1208

708

150

467

1208

708

200

467

1208

708

250

467

1208

708

300

592

1256

756

350

592

1256

756

400

592

1256

756

450

704

1315

815

500

704

1315

815

600

704

1315

815

700

704

1315

815

800

704

1315

815

900

750

1336

836

 

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm available on request

   

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Product Dimension »
1- Pipe Dimensions:

 

ND

NL

Bf

I

mm

mtr

mm

mm

100

9

219

172

150

12

268

208

200

12

268

208

250

12

271

208

300

12

338

256

350

12

340

256

400

12

342

256

500

12

437

315

*550

12

437

135

600

12

436

315

*650

12

436

315

700

12

421

315

800

12

439

315

900

12

490

336

1000

12

409

260

1200

12

409

260

1400

12

484

321

*1500

12

480

321

1600

12

560

361

2000

12

627

385

2200

12

630

385

2500

12

695

400

 (*) Available upon request

 
2- Elbows Dimensions:

ND

90o

90o

90o

P.E.

B.B.

P.E.

B.E.

P.E.

L

L

L

L

L

100

150

436

87

306

63

125

188

456

109

376

78

150

225

493

130

398

94

200

300

568

174

441

125

250

375

646

217

488

156

300

450

788

260

598

187

350

525

865

304

643

218

400

600

942

347

688

249

450

675

1142

390

827

280

500

750

1187

433

870

311

600

900

1516

520

1136

373

700

1050

1661

607

1217

435

800

1200

1819

693

1312

498

900

1350

2020

780

1449

560

 

 

 

 Note:

P.E. =  Plain ends

B.B. = Bell/Bell

B.S.= Bell/Spigot

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm are available on request

 3- Flange Dimensions:

 

P.E.

B.E./S.E.

ND

L

L

mm

mm

mm

100

140

330

125

140

390

150

150

390

200

170

390

250

190

410

300

230

510

350

260

540

400

300

560

450

340

680

500

360

700

600

450

750

700

530

800

800

600

850

900

600

960

 

 

 

 
Note:

P.E.= Stub-end with loose flange welding neck flange (Plain ends)

B.E./S.B.= Loose flange with Bell end or Spigot end

                  Fixed flange with Bell end or Spigot end

(*)=  Bell/Bell or Bell/Spigot

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm are available on request

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4- Concentric/ Electric Reducer Dimensions:

ND1

ND2

NL

P.E.

B.B.

P.E.

B.B.

 

NL

ND1

N2

NL

NL

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

100

50

102

665

400

200

356

1206

100

40

102

652

450

400

381

1480

100

25

102

624

450

350

381

1463

125

100

140

777

450

300

381

1441

125

75

140

767

450

250

381

1359

125

50

140

752

500

450

508

1742

125

40

140

739

500

400

508

1627

150

125

140

826

500

350

508

1610

150

100

240

777

500

300

508

1588

150

75

140

767

600

500

508

1589

150

50

140

752

600

450

508

1759

200

150

152

825

600

400

508

1500

200

125

152

825

600

350

508

1485

200

100

152

804

*700

600

625

1761

200

75

152

794

*700

500

625

1731

250

200

178

907

*700

450

625

1721

250

150

178

892

*700

400

625

1642

250

125

178

892

*800

700

625

1829

250

100

178

843

*800

600

625

1799

300

250

203

1027

*800

500

625

1769

300

200

203

1014

*800

450

625

1759

300

150

203

999

*900

800

625

1940

300

125

203

999

*900

700

625

1910

*900

600

625

1880

*900

500

625

1850

Note:

P.E. =  Plain ends

B.B. = Bell/Bell

(*)= Bell/Bell or Bell/Spigot

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm are available on request

 

 

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5- Equal TEE Dimensions:  

ND

P.E.

L.F.

B.E.

NL

NL

NL

mm

mm

mm

mm

100

400

480

640

125

450

520

760

150

500

560

790

200

600

610

840

250

700

670

890

300

900

750

1080

350

1000

820

1130

400

1100

900

1185

450

1200

1000

1425

500

1300

1100

1475

600

1500

1300

*1580

700

1750

1780

*2150

800

1880

2020

*2350

900

2220

2250

*2600

 

 

Note:

P.E. =  Plain ends

L.F. = Loose Flange

B.E. = Bell ends

(*)= Branch with spigot End

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm are available on request

 

   
6- Reduced TEE Dimensions:

ND1

ND2

P.E.

L.F.

B.E.

NL

NL

NL

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

100

75/50/40/25

400

480

640

125

100/75/50/52

450

520

760

150

125/100/75/50

500

560

790

200

150/125/100/75

600

610

840

250

200/150/125/100

700

670

890

300

250/200/150/125

900

750

1080

350

300/250/200/150

1000

820

1130

400

350/300/250/200

1100

900

1185

450

400/350/300/250

1200

100

1425

500

450/400/350/300

1300

1100

1475

600

500/450/400/350

1500

1300

*1580

700

600/500/450/400

1682

1780

*2050

800

700/600/500/450

1922

2020

*2250

900

800/700/600/500

2160

2250

*2500

Note:

P.E. =  Plain ends

L.F. = Loose Flange

B.E. = Bell ends

(*)= Branch with spigot End

Dimensions of ND higher than 900 mm are available on request

 

   

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Chemical Resistance of resin »

 Top

 
 
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